Hate crimes related to the 2023 Israel–Hamas war

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Since the start of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war on 7 October 2023, numerous attacks took place both internally and internationally as part of, and in response to the conflict. These attacks varied from being antisemitic, anti-Israel, anti-Muslim, anti-Palestinian, and as attacks against anti-war Israelis.

Attacks against Jews and Israelis[edit]

See also: Antisemitism during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war

7 October massacres[edit]

Roughly 2,500 Hamas fighters launched coordinated attacks on Israeli outposts and settlements on 7 October 2023, firing over 5,000 rockets and burning houses. They killed over 1400 people, the large majority of whom were civilians and the vast majority of whom were Jews. They also kidnapped over 200 others to Gaza.[1] Israel responded by declaring a state of war.[2]

Hamas fighters killed civilians at Nir Oz,[3] Be'eri, and Netiv HaAsara, where they took hostages[4] and set fire to homes,[5] as well as in other agricultural communities around the Gaza Strip.[5] 200 civilians were killed in the Kfar Aza massacre, 108 in the Be'eri massacre (resulting in a loss of 10% of the kibbutz's population) and 15 people in the Netiv HaAsara massacre,[6][7][8] in what has been described as the bloodiest day in Israel's history and the worst single-day massacre of Jews since the Holocaust.[9][10][8] In Sderot, gunmen targeted civilians and set houses ablaze, and in Ofakim, hostages were reported during Hamas's deepest incursion.[11][8] Hamas said it took prisoners (including women, old and young, and minors) to force Israel to release its Palestinian prisoners, claiming it had taken enough prisoners to secure the release of all the imprisoned Palestinians.[12] In Be'eri, Hamas militants took up to 50 people hostage. During a stand-off between militants and IDF forces, videos emerged from Be'eri showing the hostages being led by Hamas militants barefoot across a street in town.[13] Hamas also massacred 260 and injured many more at an outdoor music festival near Re'im that morning and left with hostages. Witnesses recounted militants on motorcycles opening fire on fleeing participants, who were already dispersing due to rocket fire that had wounded some attendees.[14][15]

Video analysis from The Washington Post shows that some of the captives were executed after their capture.[16][17]

International attacks[edit]

Main article: Antisemitism during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war

On 8 October, a police officer fired his gun into a group of bus passengers in Alexandria, Egypt.[18] The attack occurred during a trip past Pompey's Pillar.[19] Two Israeli tourists and an Egyptian tour guide were killed, while another Israeli was moderately wounded.[20] The suspect was subsequently taken into custody.[21]

On 18 October two Molotov cocktails were thrown at a synagogue in the Mitte neighborhood of central Berlin. One person was arrested.[22]

On 17 October the El Hamma synagogue in El Hamma, Tunisia, a historic synagogue and the burial site of 16th-century Kabbalist Rabbi Yosef Ma'aravi, was severely damaged during anti-Israel riots, with hundreds of people filmed setting fire to the building.[23][24][25] On the same day the Or Zaruah synagogue in Melilla, a Spanish enclave in North Africa, was attacked by a mob chanting “murderous Israel” while waving Palestinian flags.[26][27][28]

On 21 October an explosive device was detonated near the Israeli embassy in Cyprus, four men of Syrian origin were detained.[29]

Attacks against Palestinians, Arabs and Muslims[edit]

See also: Anti-Palestinianism during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
Further information: Killing of Wadea Al-Fayoume

Outside Chicago, Illinois, a man while reportedly yelling "You Muslims must die" stabbed a 32-year-old Palestinian-American woman, seriously injuring her, and stabbed her six-year-old son 26 times to death. Detectives said the man targeted the family because they were Muslim, and he was upset about the conflict.[30][31][32]

In October 19, a man in Dearborn, Michigan was arrested by local police after posting on Facebook a credible threat proposing acts of violence against Palestinian-Americans in Dearborn which is the largest population of Arab Americans in the United States. The man had posted an open invitation to "hunt Palestinians" and claimed to be part of a Jewish group protecting Israel.[33]

The Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR) in Los Angeles called for an investigation to be opened by the University of California, Los Angeles after a group of men entered a space used by students watching a webinar of an ongoing panel titled "The Crisis in Palestine". The men reportedly damaged students property, verbally assaulted them calling them "terrorists" and physically threatening them before campus security removed them from the area. One of the group was allegedly spotted later at a on-campus vigil for Israel.[34][35] Other chapters of CAIR have reported other instances of Islamophobia since the war began with two alleged assaults' in Brooklyn, New York City and an individual who pointed a gun at pro-Palestine demonstrators outside of the Pennsylvania state capitol.[36]

In Europe, many Muslims fear anti-Muslim reprisals due to the Israel–Hamas war and Islamist attacks (such as the Arras school stabbing and Brussels shooting which occurred in October 2023), which embolden some far-right voices in the west to view Muslims as a fifth column and an internal enemy to state security.[37]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Russell, Graham; Badshah, Nadeem; Yang, Maya; Bayer, Lili; Ho, Vivian; Fulton, Adam; Badshah, Graham Russell (now); Nadeem; Fulton (earlier), Adam (8 October 2023). "Civilians and soldiers held hostage in Gaza, says Israel – as it happened". the Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Ebrahim, Abbas Al Lawati,Eoin McSweeney,Nadeen (2023-10-16). "Israel is at war with Hamas. Here's what to know". CNN. Archived from the original on 2023-10-17. Retrieved 2023-10-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ "Militants enter Israel from Gaza after woman killed in rocket barrage". CNN. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Militants infiltrate Israel from Gaza as Hamas claims major rocket attack". CNN. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  5. ^ a b "Netanyahu: 'We are at war'". Ynetnews. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  6. ^ "Border town identifies at least 15 of its residents killed in Hamas attack". The Times of Israel. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  7. ^ "10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2023-10-11. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  8. ^ a b c "Hamas's attack was the bloodiest in Israel's history". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023. The most searing historical comparison predates Israel's founding. Not all of Hamas's victims were Israeli, and not all of the Israeli dead were Jewish. But under reasonable assumptions about the ethnic make-up of those killed in this and previous attacks, the last time before October 7th that this many Jews were murdered on a single day was during the Holocaust.
  9. ^ "Antisemitism Surges Around World as Israel, Hamas Clash". VOA. 11 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  10. ^ "Hamas attack 'deadliest day for Jews since the Holocaust', says Biden, as Israeli jets pound Gaza". The Guardian. 12 October 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  11. ^ "In pictures: Scenes of war and chaos after Hamas launch surprise attack on Israel". France 24. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  12. ^ "Hamas says it has enough Israeli captives to free all Palestinian prisoners". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  13. ^ Davies, Alys (8 October 2023). "What we know about Israeli hostages taken by Hamas". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  14. ^ Estrin, Daniel (7 October 2023). "In surprise deadly attacks, Israel says Palestinian militants infiltrated from Gaza". NPR. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  15. ^ "Israeli music festival: 260 bodies recovered from site where people fled in hail of bullets". BBC News. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  16. ^ Kelly, Meg; Cahlan, Sarah (10 October 2023). "Video shows apparent death of Israeli hostages in Hamas custody". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  17. ^ i24NEWS (8 October 2023). "Hamas plans to use Israeli civilian hostages as human shields". I24news. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  18. ^ "Two Israelis, one Egyptian shot dead in Alexandria - Foreign Min". Jerusalem Post. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  19. ^ "Two Israeli tourists and local guide shot dead in Egypt, Israel says". BBC News. 2023-10-08. Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  20. ^ Berman, Lazar (8 October 2023). "Two Israeli tourists killed in shooting attack at Egyptian tourist site". Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  21. ^ "Policeman shoots dead two Israelis at Egyptian tourist site in Alexandria". Sky News. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  22. ^ "Germany's Scholz vows action after Molotovs thrown at synagogue". France 24. 18 October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  23. ^ Historic Tunisian Synagogue Damaged Heavily in Anti-Israel Riots Archived 2023-10-19 at the Wayback Machine. The Messenger
  24. ^ Historic synagogue in Tunisia heavily damaged in rioting tied to Israel-Hamas war Archived 2023-10-19 at the Wayback Machine. Times of Israel. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  25. ^ Rioters Burn Down Synagogue in Tunisia Archived 2023-10-20 at the Wayback Machine. Algemeiner Journal. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  26. ^ Mob Attacks Synagogue in Spanish Territory: Reports Archived 2023-10-19 at the Wayback Machine. Algemeiner Journal. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  27. ^ Manifestantes pro Palestina protestan frente a la principal sinagoga de Melilla y el presidente pide que los conflictos exteriores no afecten a la convivencia Archived 2023-10-19 at the Wayback Machine. El Mundo
  28. ^ Manifestantes propalestinos asedian una sinagoga en Melilla al grito de «Israel, asesino» Archived 2023-10-20 at the Wayback Machine. El Debate. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  29. ^ "(AP via ABC News)". ABC News. Archived from the original on 2023-10-22. Retrieved 2023-10-22.
  30. ^ Trotta, Daniel (15 October 2023). "Illinois man charged with hate crime in fatal stabbing of Muslim boy". Reuters. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  31. ^ Perez, Adriana (15 October 2023). "Police: Plainfield man charged with killing boy over Mideast conflict". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  32. ^ Diaz, Johnny; Smith, Mitch; Chiarito, Robert (15 October 2023). "6-Year-Old Boy Fatally Stabbed in Anti-Muslim Attack, Authorities Say". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  33. ^ Oosting, Jonathan (October 13, 2023). "Amid Gaza war, Dearborn police arrest man for threat to 'hunt Palestinians' | Bridge Michigan". www.bridgemi.com. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  34. ^ Allison, Ismail (17 October 2023). "CAIR-LA Condemns Attacks Against Pro-Palestine UCLA Students, Calls for Investigation and Ban by School". CAIR. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  35. ^ Arshad, Minnah (19 October 2023). "Battle against hate: Violence, bigotry toward Palestinian Americans spiking across US". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on 2023-10-19. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  36. ^ Shah, Simmone (2023-10-18). "The Israel-Hamas War is Leading to an Uptick in Hate Crimes". TIME. Archived from the original on 2023-10-19. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  37. ^ Wallis, William; Abboud, Leila; Chazan, Guy; Nilsson, Patricia (2023-10-19). "Israel-Hamas war hits close to home for Europe's Muslims". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2023-10-19. Retrieved 2023-10-19. Ripple effects from the war between Israel and Hamas are being felt by Muslim and Arab populations across Europe, who fear an Islamophobic backlash. They worry that the conflict and recent Islamist attacks in France and Belgium are emboldening far-right voices who cast Muslims and Arabs as a fifth column posing a danger from within.
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